Ubiquitin / ATTO 488 / 5B9-B3

Product Details

Description	Mouse monoclonal to Ubiquitin (ATTO 488). Ubiquitin is a small protein that occurs in all eukaryotic cells. The ubiquitin protein itself consists of 76 amino acids and has a molecular mass of about 8. 5kDa. Key features include its C-terminal tail and the 7 Lys residues. It is highly conserved among eukaryotic species: Human and yeast ubiquitin share 96% sequence identity. The main function of Ubiquitin is to clear abnormal, foreign and improperly folded proteins by targeting them for degradation by the 26S proteosome. Ubiquitination represents an essential cellular process affected by a multi-enzyme cascade involving classes of enzymes known as ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1s), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s or Ubcs) and ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3s). Ubiquitin is activated in a two-step reaction by an E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme in a process requiring ATP as an energy source. The initial step involves production of an ubiquitin-adenylate intermediate. The second step transfers ubiquitin to the E1 active site cysteine residue, with release of AMP. This step results in a thioester linkage between the C-terminal carboxyl group of ubiquitin and the E1 cysteine sulfhydryl group. The third step is a transfer of ubiquitin from E1 to the active site cysteine of a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 via a trans(thio)esterification reaction. And the final step of the ubiquitylation cascade creates an isopeptide bond between a lysine of the target protein and the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin. In general, this step requires the activity of one of the hundreds of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases (often termed simply ubiquitin ligase). E3 enzymes function as the substrate recognition modules of the system and are capable of interaction with both E2 and substrate. Ubiquitination also participates in the internalization and degradation of plasma membrane proteins such as some of the TCR subunits while still ER-membrane associated. Ubiquitin also plays a role in regulating signal transduction cascades through the elimination inhibitory proteins, such as IkappaBalpha and p27...
Conjugate	ATTO 488
Clone	5B9-B3
Target Species	Human, Rat
Applications	ELISA, WB
Supplier	Biorbyt
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About Ubiquitin
This gene encodes ubiquitin, one of the most conserved proteins known. Ubiquitin has a major role in targeting cellular proteins for degradation by the 26S proteosome. It is also involved in the maintenance of chromatin structure, the regulation of gene expression, and the stress response. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a precursor protein consisting of either polyubiquitin chains or a single ubiquitin moiety fused to an unrelated protein. This gene consists of three direct repeats of the ubiquitin coding sequence with no spacer sequence. Consequently, the protein is expressed as a polyubiquitin precursor with a final amino acid after the last repeat. An aberrant form of this protein has been detected in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on chromosomes 1, 2, 13, and 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

About ATTO 488
ATTO 488 is from ATTO-Tec Gmbh has an excitation peak at 501 nm and an emission peak at 523 nm.

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